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Clean air has a positive effect on life expectancy
September 9, 2009
Clean air has a positive effect on life expectancy
Reducing air pollution contributed to an increase in the average of five months of life expectancy of people in dozens of American cities over the past two decades, writes The Washington Post, citing figures from the study.
Researchers from Brigham Young University and Harvard came to this conclusion based on the change in air quality and life expectancy for the period from 1980 to 2000 in 51 U.S. city, including Washington. Taking into account the impact on life expectancy of other factors, such as changes in population, income and education, as well as migration and smoking, they concluded that clean air contributes significantly to the increase in life expectancy.
Thus, the first time scientists have documented the relationship between air quality and long life, says author Juliet Eylperin.
The researchers concluded that the whole country, life expectancy of citizens has increased from 1980 to 2000 an average of 2.72 years? and five months of this period due to improved air quality.
“Our investments paid off,” – noted the study’s lead author Arden Pope, an epidemiologist and professor of economics at Brigham Young University. He added that reducing pollution in major cities has become “a major, nationwide, a natural experiment.”
Found gene aging brain
Found gene aging brain
Canadian scientists from the University of Montreal and Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, and their American colleagues at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory made a big step towards opening the treatment of neurological diseases and develop drugs slow down the aging brain.
Experts have discovered a gene that controls the normal and pathological aging of neurons in the central nervous system – the gene Bmi1. Mutation of this gene greatly accelerates the process of dissolution of Neurosciences in the brain and loss of nerve cells in the eyes. Laboratory tests on mice showed that neurons in the retina and cerebral cortex functioning properly is at work found gene Bmi1. This gene also prevents the activation of p53 and the path accumulation of free radicals, leading to the advancement of brain disorders.
The main risk factor for diseases such as macular degeneration, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, is old age. Many physicians seek to better understand the causes of these diseases, but few studies have focused on the consideration of the basic molecular mechanisms that control the aging of Neurosciences in the human body. Now geneticists have shown that Bmi1 is a direct regulator of cellular aging brain and retina due to its protective properties against harmful free radicals. Doctors hope that in the future be able to unravel the genome coding for neuronal damage.
The aging of the brain responsible sugar
Increased blood sugar levels, a normal sign of aging, affects the work of the hippocampus – the area of the brain, which is crucial for learning and memory. Scientists believe that it is too high blood glucose levels associated with cognitive dysfunction in old age.
It is assumed that the regulation of substances in the body will help prevent age-related decline in memory. At the same time, neurologists noticed that the excercises stabilize the concentration of glucose and, consequently, improve brain function.
Research at Columbia University / United States / showed that physical activity strengthens the part of the brain associated with aging by controlling blood sugar. Such conclusions were made after analysis of the functions of the hippocampus in 240 healthy people about 80 years. It is known that damage to the hippocampus develops Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive problems. Doctors argue that maintaining optimal blood sugar levels and the implementation of regular physical exercise can effectively prevent a cognitive disorder and to support brain activity in old age.