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Clinical trials of the method to combat skin cancer
June 11, 2010
Clinical trials of the method to combat skin cancer
Clinical trials of cancer of the skin, based on strengthening the immune response, gave a positive result. This is reported by American doctors.
Looking ahead, we note that nothing in common with all sorts of questionable drugs, promising at the same time “to lift the immunity and cure almost all ailments from colds to cancer, the new method does not. The team of doctors and scientists from the Cancer Institute Dana-Faber conducted clinical trials of antibodies to skin cancer, melanoma. Their results are presented in the journal New England Journal of Medicine (one of the three most respected medical publications) and so far it is not a panacea, but a tool that is used in combination with traditional therapy.
As the body fights the danger?
In a healthy organism, about one hundred trillion (100 000 000 000 000) cells, most of which are regularly damaged DNA molecules by chemicals or radiation. And often these injuries immediately corrected by special enzymes, so that any effect on the cells and the body as a whole, they do not have.
Even where the system is repaired (or, using the biological term “reparations”) DNA is unable to cope, often nothing terrible happens. Mutated cell may be unviable, the mutation may affect the so-called “junk” DNA segments or damaged gene will in itself not so very different from the original.
To become a cancer cell requires that the DNA damage occurred in certain places, was not immediately removed – and that’s not all. A single cell with a significant probability to be recognized and destroyed by the immune system even before the formation of tumors.
How does the new method?
This immune response, scientists decided to use. Experimental preparation consisted of antibodies to tumor cells and protein molecules synthesized in the detection of the immune system focus melanoma. Antibodies interact with the so-called T-lymphocytes, activating the system for the destruction of infected cells.
True, they suffer not only tumor cells. In 60% of patients were observed or another complication: from skin rashes to diarrhea and vomiting. The tool was far from harmless, but effective, the average survival of patients with inoperable tumors increased from six to ten months. And 9 out of 15 patients who received only a new drug lived for at least two years after starting treatment.
Prospects
The fact that the experimental method has passed the third stage of clinical trials and demonstrated its effectiveness, meaning the possible use of it already in the usual manner. At least until the widespread use less than if it were a matter of successful tests on animals, or even more cell cultures, doctors say that it is now necessary to develop the most effective strategies for using the drug in the treatment of melanoma.
In addition, knowing the mechanism of interaction of antibodies with T-cells doctors can pick up and other molecules that affect a similar manner. It is capable how to improve the effectiveness of the method, and, quite likely, reduce the severity of side effects.
Found a cure for skin cancer
November 13, 2009
Found a cure for skin cancer
Scientists have developed a new drug that helps in the treatment of the most deadly types of skin cancer, including the most recent stages.
Malignant melanoma – one of the fastest growing types of cancer. Main reason for it – the solar radiation. According to the results of preliminary tests, the drug while still under development and which bears the name of PLX4032 (R7204), can provide a long life expectancy.
Pharmaceutical companies Roche and Plexxikon announced the results of their research at the annual convention of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. PLX4032 (R7204) finds and destroys tumor cells carry the mutation type BRAF, which is present in 60% of malignant melanomas. This can help not only reduce the number of malignant tumors, but also slow the spread of cancer.
Clinical trials
Currently, only 5% of people live more than two years after the appearance of metastases. In the first phase of a clinical study in 16 patients receiving the drug PLX4032 (R7204) was found to decrease proliferation of tumor cells by at least 30%.
On average, these patients have stopped the cancer cells to spread about half a year, while more than half of the tumors were markedly reduced. Representatives of the companies Roche and Plexxikon reported that they are going to conduct a more extensive clinical trials to determine how toxic the drug may be and what should be its optimal dose.
Both companies also hope to develop a process of testing for the diagnosis of patients with melanoma-type BRAF in the early stages of its development.
High levels of phosphate in the diet lead to the development of lung cancer
September 9, 2009
High concentrations of inorganic phosphate in the diet, which is contained in various products, including meat, cheese, beverages and bakery products, promotes the development of cancerous tumors in the lungs and predisposes people to disease, oncologists have discovered the Korean National University of Seoul.
The study showed that increased intake of phosphate greatly stimulates the activity of cancer cells and specific signaling pathways in the lung tissues of mice, giving the normal cells with malignant properties.
Phosphate – one of the most important nutrients for the body, which can activate some signals. As established scientists analyzed lung tissue of rodents, the high content of substances in the cells leads to changes in signaling pathways and, consequently, the formation of dangerous symptoms of the disease. Recently, inorganic phosphates are often added to food products as a food additive, to arrest the moisture and improve the texture of products. Doctors warn that high levels of component in the daily diet / about 1000 mg per day / contribute to the growth of tumors in the lungs.