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Friendly people have more nerve cells
November 9, 2009
Friendly people have more nerve cells
British and Finnish psychologists and neuroscientists have found that people prone to a more warm and friendly relations of two sections of the brain contains more nerve cells than normal. The researchers hope that their discovery will help find ways to treat schizophrenia and autism.
The subjects who were recruited psychologists, passed a psychological test, which required them to answer questions about how they tend to establish friendships and to show positive emotions towards others. Then the researchers scanned the brains of volunteers using the imager – to obtain data on the size of various structures and compare them with test results.
Scientists have found that is located directly above the eye sockets of the orbitofrontal cortex and the striatum, the structures located deep within the brain, the more friendly people and contained more nerve cells. The main functions of the two structures are known – the orbitofrontal cortex, in particular, previously associated with self-control. And the striatum is involved in planning movements, and behavior associated with rewards. Under this behavior, scientists involve activities in which a person receives something or other reward: from praise to cash prizes or other tangible prize.
Communication as a jewel
Neuroscientists from the University of Cambridge and the University of Oulu (Finland) believe that it is the link the striatum with a sense of reward may explain the pattern detected by them. In their view, due to the friendliness, including the emotional benefits that a person receives in the process of communication.
Friendly people like to communicate, and their brain evaluates communication as a reward. “It is remarkable that we found parts of the brain provide not only an award for communication”, said Graham Murray, Head of Research – “These structures are related with satisfaction from the very simple things: eating, drinking and sex. It is about the brain structures that have emerged from more distant ancestors of the human species, and we believe that their study will enable us to understand how there were more complex phenomena such as sentimentality or affection. ”
The structure of the brain and friendliness – what comes first, the scientists do not yet know
The researchers stressed that they found pattern does not mean that it is an increase in any of the brain, makes people more friendly. It is possible that on the contrary, the very behavior has changed the structure of the brain (in principle such an effect is possible: even demonstrated an impact on the size of different parts of the brain meditation), in addition friendliness or empathy are too complex to be associated with any one area of the brain.
Nevertheless, the results of the scientists may already be useful in studying a number of psychiatric illnesses. When autism or schizophrenia, the ability to establish contacts with other people severely disrupted, and at least partial communication disorders with changes in brain structure may help to find new ways to treat these diseases.